Cats are known for their grace and charm, but when something as unexpected as coughing occurs, it can cause concern. While occasional coughing may seem harmless, persistent or unusual coughing could indicate an underlying health issue. This article explores the causes of cat coughing, explains how to recognize symptoms that warrant attention, and guides when to consult a veterinarian.
Cat coughing :What Does Cat Coughing Sound Like?
Cat coughing can be a concerning symptom for pet owners, and it is important to distinguish it from other common respiratory sounds, like retching or sneezing. Unlike these other sounds, true coughing in cats typically resembles a human cough—a sharp, forceful exhalation through the mouth, often followed by a brief pause. The sound might be dry and hacking, similar to the way humans cough when they have a mild throat irritation. In some cases, the cough can be more pronounced and may include wheezing, a rattling sound, or mucus production. Cats with coughing issues may also exhibit other signs such as labored breathing, nasal discharge, or lethargy, which can help identify the underlying cause.
There are several potential reasons why a cat may cough. It could be as simple as a hairball, which some cats expel by coughing or retching, or it could be a more serious condition such as respiratory infections, asthma, allergies, or even heart disease. If a cat is coughing persistently or if the coughing is accompanied by other concerning symptoms, it’s crucial to seek veterinary attention. Chronic coughing or difficulty breathing may indicate a more severe problem, like feline asthma or heartworms, which require prompt diagnosis and treatment.
In any case, it’s essential for pet owners to monitor their cat’s coughing behavior, track any other symptoms, and consult a veterinarian if the coughing persists or worsens.
Cat coughing :Key Characteristics of Cat Coughing:
- A hacking or rasping noise
- Open-mouthed breathing during the cough
- Possibly ejecting fluid or mucus but not always
- Often accompanied by other signs like lethargy or lack of appetite
Understanding these characteristics allows owners to better communicate with their veterinarian, aiding in faster diagnosis and treatment.
Common Causes of Cat Coughing
Coughing in cats can result from various reasons, ranging from minor irritations to more severe medical conditions. Below, we break down some of the primary causes.
Hairballs
Many cat owners associate coughing with hairballs, and for good reason. Cats groom themselves meticulously, increasing the likelihood of ingesting fur. Occasionally, a buildup of fur in the digestive tract triggers a reflexive cough.
Key Symptoms:
- Frequent hacking or gagging sounds
- Small, cylindrical hairball ejected after coughing
- General behaviour remains unaffected
Solution: Provide hairball-preventative treats or specific cat foods to reduce fur buildup. Regular grooming also minimizes shedding and fur ingestion.
Cat coughing :Respiratory Irritants
Cats are sensitive creatures, and exposure to irritants like household cleaning products, cigarette smoke, or dust can lead to coughing.
Key Symptoms:
- Sudden, short bouts of coughing
- Watery eyes or sneezing
- No other signs of systemic illness
Avoiding irritants and ensuring a well-ventilated space can resolve mild cases. If symptoms persist, deeper respiratory issues may be at play.
Cat coughing :Feline Asthma
Feline asthma is one of the most common chronic respiratory conditions in cats. It is characterized by constricted airways caused by allergens.
Key Symptoms:
- Frequent coughing, especially after exercise
- Wheezing and open-mouthed breathing
- Difficulty in catching breath during an attack
Asthma requires veterinary intervention. Treatments may include corticosteroids and bronchodilators.
Respiratory Infection
Viral or bacterial respiratory infections can manifest through coughing in cats. Upper respiratory infections are common and highly contagious among cats.
Key Symptoms:
- Coughing combined with nasal discharge
- Fever, lethargy, or decreased appetite
- Sneezing and watery eyes
Veterinarians may prescribe antibiotics or supportive care to help the cat recover. Timely intervention is crucial, especially for kittens or elderly cats.
Heartworm Disease
Heartworms, transmitted by infected mosquitoes, can migrate to the lungs and cause coughing in cats. Though heartworms in cats are less common than dogs, they are still a serious concern.
Key Symptoms:
- Persistent coughing
- Vomiting and appetite loss
- Breathing difficulties
Your veterinarian may recommend tests for heartworm and, if detected, create a tailored treatment plan. Prevention through monthly medications is the best defence.
Foreign Obstructions
Sometimes, a small object, such as a piece of grass or a string, can become lodged in a cat’s throat, causing coughing.
Key Symptoms:
- Sudden onset of coughing
- Pawing at the mouth or head shaking
- Gagging sounds
If you suspect a foreign object, do not attempt to remove it yourself, as this may worsen the problem. Instead, contact your veterinarian promptly for assistance.
Tumors or Growths
Although less common, coughing can sometimes indicate the presence of tumours in the respiratory tract or lungs, especially in older cats.
Key Symptoms:
- Chronic coughing with blood in the sputum
- Rapid weight loss or reduced appetite
- Labored breathing
Early detection is vital. Diagnostic imaging and biopsy may be required to confirm and address the issue.
When Should You Be Concerned?
While occasional coughing is not usually a cause for alarm, there are instances when it requires immediate medical attention.
Signs That Warrant a Vet Visit:
- Coughing that persists for more than a few days
- Coughing accompanied by labored or noisy breathing
- Coughing up foamy saliva, mucus, or blood
- Signs of lethargy, fever, or appetite loss
- Sudden onset of violent coughing episodes
Prompt veterinary care can detect and address potentially life-threatening issues early. If you’re unsure, always err on the side of caution.
Cat coughing :Diagnosis and Treatment of Cat Coughing
Veterinarians use a combination of diagnostic techniques to determine the underlying cause of a cat’s cough.
Diagnostic Tools Include:
- Physical Examination – To detect signs like wheezing or abnormal respiratory sounds.
- X-rays – To check for lung infections, tumours, or signs of feline asthma.
- Blood Tests – To diagnose infections, heartworm, or systemic illnesses.
- Bronchoscopy – For direct airway visualization and removing any obstructions, if present.
Treatment will depend on the cause of the coughing and may range from medications (e.g., antibiotics, corticosteroids) to lifestyle adjustments, such as environmental changes or dietary supplements.
Home Management and Prevention:
- Keep your home free of irritants like smoke or harsh cleaning chemicals.
- Groom regularly to reduce hairball formation, especially for long-haired breeds.
- Schedule routine checkups and vaccinations to prevent infections.
- Invest in monthly preventatives for parasites like heartworms.
Cat coughing :A Healthy Cat is a Happy Cat
A healthy cat is indeed a happy cat, and understanding the cause of your cat’s coughing is crucial to ensuring their well-being. Coughing, while sometimes harmless, can indicate underlying health issues that require attention. For example, frequent coughing might be a sign of a hairball, a relatively common and mild issue that can usually be managed with proper grooming. However, persistent coughing could also signal more serious conditions like feline asthma, respiratory infections, or heart disease.
By observing your cat’s behavior—such as changes in appetite, energy levels, or the presence of other symptoms like wheezing or nasal discharge—you can provide valuable information to your vet, helping them make an accurate diagnosis. Taking prompt action to address the cause of coughing, whether through medication, dietary adjustments, or lifestyle changes, will keep your cat comfortable and happy. Regular vet check-ups and monitoring of your cat’s health are essential in maintaining their long-term well-being.